Hospitality

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Key terms and concepts

Term Definition
Cross contamination The passing of microorganisms from contaminated food or surfaces to other foods or surfaces.
Danger zone The temperature range between 5°C and 60°C where food poisoning bacteria grow and multiply quickly to dangerous levels.
Duty of care The legal and general obligation and responsibility expected of a person to protect themselves and others from harm in the workplace.
Environmental hygiene Factors in the surrounding environmental that may affect health, comfort, contamination and wellbeing.
First In, First Out (FIFO) A stock rotation/storage system where the first or earliest received items are used first.
Food Act 1989 (NSW) The NSW Food Act that replaced the original NSW Pure Food Act 1908. This state act has been replaced by the NSW Food Act 2003,which became effective in February 2004.
Food Act 2003 (NSW) The current Legal Act of NSW state parliament that outlines the application of the national Food Standards Code, and aims to ensure food is produced in a safe manner, and suitable for good health and human consumption in NSW.
Food contamination The presence of an unintended item, substance or microorganisms in food that can lead to illness and disease if the food is consumed.
Food handling procedures/cycle The skills and tasks needed to handle food safely.
Food poisoning Illness occurring when a person ingests contaminated foods or beverages.
Food Regulation 2001 (NSW) The state regulation that detailed the Food Act 1989 (NSW). Both act and regulations were replaced with the NSW Food Act 2003, and the NSW Food Regulation 2004.
Food spoilage Undesirable changes in a food requiring it to be discarded.
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) The quality assurance process of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points is used to control the risk of contamination at identified critical control points in food production processes.
Hazard identification Recognising the risk of an item or situation that may lead to a potential accident or harm to a person.
Hazards Items, conditions, events or situations that could lead to a potential accident or harm.
Hygiene Clean and sanitary conditions that promote health and safety.
Hygiene procedures Procedures that ensure food is safely and hygienically stored, prepared and presented.
Hygiene risk The risk of infection or contamination.
Legislation The making of laws, rules or standards by parliament, which are enforceable by the legal court system.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) An information sheet designed by suppliers which details correct procedures when handling a particular substance or chemical.
Microorganisms One celled organisms that are too small to be seen by the human eye. Types of microorganisms include bacteria, yeast, mould and viruses.
Occupational Health and Safety Legislation, policies, procedures and activities that aim to protect the health, safety and welfare of all people at the workplace.
Pathogens Microorganisms that can cause infectious disease and illness.
Personal hygiene Factors that maintain positive, clean personal care and health of a person.
Pest control Actions designed to control and eradicate pests and vermin from workplaces.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Equipment and clothing items designed to protect the user from potential hazards or injuries whilst doing a task at work.
Safe food Food that is free from physical, chemical or microbial contaminants that may cause illness if consumed.
Sanitation and cleaning procedures Procedures which are followed to ensure that all work areas are hygienically maintained. They generally involve two steps:
  • Cleaning: removing particles of food, dust, dirt or other contaminants.
  • Sanitising: applying heat and/or chemicals to a surface to destroy microorganisms, including disease-causing bacteria.
Storage Placement of items in their correct place and conditions, with the aim of preserving the item until it is required.
Temperature control Using temperature to control or destroy microorganisms by keeping the food hot (above 60°C) or cold (below 5°C).
Waste disposal Securing and removal of unwanted products and garbage.

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