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Core 2 Factors affecting performance
How does training affect performance?
To understand how training improves the performance of an athlete it is important to have a knowledge and understanding of the energy systems, principles of training and types of training.
To explore each of these areas, click on the appropriate heading listed below.
There are three energy systems which help to provide the working muscles with energy during movement. These include:
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the two energy systems which operate without the presence of oxygen i.e. the alactacid or ATP/PC system and the lactic acid or anaerobic system
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the energy system that operates with oxygen, i.e. the aerobic system.
The predominance of any system/s during activity is dependent on the duration and intensity of the activity.
Training programs need to incorporate the principles of training. These include progressive overload, specificity, reversibility, variety, training thresholds and warm-up and cool-down. It is also important to understand how these principles relate to each type of training.
Training programs can focus on different types of training including aerobic, strength and flexibility training. Aerobic training aims to improve the ability of the body to use oxygen. Strength training focuses on the ability of the muscle to produce force. Flexibility training works to improve the range of movement at a joint. All types of training play an important role in improving performance.
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